RONNIE APTER received her Ph.D. from Fordham University in 1980. She is currently Professor of English at Central Michigan University; she is a member of the American Literary Translators' Association and the Lyrics Society (of which she is president, 1994-97). MARK HERMAN received his M.S. from the University of California in 1965. He is a freelance translator and a member of the American Translators' Association. Apter and Herman have translated into English from several Indo-European languages. They specialize in translating poetry into poetry and producing performable translations of spoken and musical dramas. They have translated 16 operas, two choral works, and numerous poems, and have published several articles on translation. Ronnie Apter has also written Digging for the Treasure: After Pound (New York and Bern: Peter Lang Publishing, 1984; paperback edition, New York: Paragon House Publishers, 1987) and is preparing A Bilingual Edition of the Love Songs of Bernart de Ventadorn (Edwin Mellen Press).

DON BARTELL received his BA in Spanish and French at Portland State University and his MA in Portugese at the University of Wisconsin. He has been a Fulbright Scholar in Portugal, an instructor at the University of Illinois, and a visiting lecturer at Northwestern University. He has published translations of Jorge de Sena and for several years has been preparing translations of Estellés and Martí i Pol. He has co-authored, with Lluís Cugota, articles on genetic engineering and virtual reality in La Vanguardia. He is currently a case manager with Adult and Family Services for the State of Oregon. He wishes to express his gratitude to his friend Ivan Cunillera for reviewing the translations of Martí i Pol and for making many helpful suggestions.

PATRICIA J BOEHNE is the Chair of Foreign Languages at Eastern College, St. Davids PA. She received the B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. from Indiana University, Bloomington, IN andd was the first American to have a doctoral examination conducted in Catalan. She has held NDEA, NEH and Mellon Fellowships and has taught at Indian, Bradley University, and Franklin & Marshall College. Among her publications are Dream and Fantasy in 14th and 15th Century Catalan Prose (1975), poetry translations for An Introduction to Catalan Poetry by Josep Roca-Pons (1977), J.V. Foix (1980), The Renaissance Catalan Novel (1989), numerous articles, and other translations of Foix's poetry. She was in correspondence with Foix from 1973 until his death in 1987, visited him several times in Barcelona and at his home on the Costa Brava, and researched in his personal archives. Her translations have been emended by the poet himself. Her anthology of his work, The Angular Sea, is in preparation. As a member of the Board of the North American Catalan Society since its inception in 1978, she has served in various offices, including as President from 1993-95.

DEBORAH BONNER received her B.A. degree from Cornell University and since then has worked as a translator in Catalan, Spanish and English in Barcelona and New York. Her translations from Catalan include Llorenç Villalonga's novel Bearn, Gabriel Janer Manila's non-fiction work Marcos, and translations of poetry in periodicals such as Catalan Writing, Seneca Review, and Translation.

MERCÈ CLARASÓ born in Glasgow of Catalan and Scottish parentage, lived in Catalonia as a child from 1927-36 and worked in Valencia for the British Council from 1947-51. She later graduated from Edinburgh University with 1st Class Honours in Spanish and French, and a Diploma of Education. She taught Spanish and French in St. Leonards School, St. Andrews, Scotland, and received her doctorate from the University of St. Andrews in 1977, with a thesis on The Use of Colour in the Short Stories of Horacio Quiroga. She taught Spanish and Catalan language and literature at the University of St. Andrews from 1970-85. She has published a number of scholarly articles as well as translations from French into English. Her Catalan translation of Robert Louis Stevenson's Weir of Hermiston was published in 1986.

WAYNE COX received a Ph.D. in American Literature in 1991 from the University of South Carolina. He is currently an Assistant Professor of English at Anderson College in Anderson, South Carolina, where he teaches creative writing and literature. His work has appeared in such places as Poetry, Shenandoah, Chelsea, Stand, and Southern Humanities Review. With his wife, Lourdes Manyé, he most recently published Vacation Notebook (New York: Pter Lang Press, 1995), a translation of Quadern de Vacances by Miquel Martí i Pol.

LLUÍS CUGOTA received his llicenciatura in journalism at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, where he also studied medicine and philology, and his Masters in Scientific and Medical Communications at Barcelona's Universitat Pompeu Fabra in 1995. His specialty is science writing in the areas of medicine and health. He has worked as an editor for the newspapers Avui, El Periódico, and La Vanguardia and for the magazines Algo, Estar Mejor, and Tu Salud, among others. He has been editor in the area of sciences for the second edition of the Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana, and project editor of various books on health. He has written several books on the popularization of science and health for young people. He regularly contributes a column to the weekly supplement Ciencia y Vida in La Vanguardia and collaborates in other ways as a scientific journalist and translator. He is currently taking advanced course work in Psychology at UNED (Spanish Open University), and is participating in the editing of a thematic encyclopedia.

HILLARY J. GARDNER has taught English at AB Academy in Barcelona as well as creative writing and poetry writing at the University of Iowa. She has been an editor of Berkeley Poetry Review and 100 Words. Her poems have appeared in those two publications as well as Hembra and Sun Dog. She has translated materials for the Barcelona Olympic Games; her translation of Olga Xirinacs' book of poems Lips That Dance won an honorable mention from the Center of Catalan Studies (Washington, D.C.) in 1993. She is currently working as a translator for the Internationl Writing Program and teaching poetry writing at the Arts & Crafts Center at the University of Iowa.

JOAN GILI, a native of Barcelona, moved in the 1930s to England, where he became a leader of the British Catalan movement and in 1954 a founder of the Anglo-Catalan Society, of which he has been President and President d'Honor. His Dolphin Bookshop, opened in London in 1935, moved in 1940 to Oxford as the Dolphin Book Company, became an important publisher of Catalan books, including Gili's own classics Catalan Grammar (1943) and Anthology of Catalan Lyric Poetry (1953), as well as four volumes of his translations from Carles Riba's work and one from Salvador Espriu's. His many contributions were honored by the publication of Homage to Joan Gili on His Eightieth Birthday (Arthur Terry, into. and trans.; Sheffield Academic Press: The Anglo-Catalan Society, 1987) and by the Creu de Sant Jordi (Cross of St. George) awarded by the Generalist de Catalunya in 1983.

RICARD GINER I SARIOLA, a Catalan writer and translator, studied philosophy and social anthropology at the University of Kent (Canterbury) and the University of Edinburgh, where he received a Master's degree in philosophy in 1991. He has also done research at King's College of the University of London, with scholarships from the Autonomous Government of Catalonia and from the Anglo-Catalan Society. He also translates poetry, drama, film dialogues, and other texts in Catalan, English, and Spanish. He is currently writing for the theater and undertaking philosophical research in his home town of Barcelona. His translation of Salvador Espriu's Mrs. Death was printed by the Fundació Espriu in 1995.

SEÁN GOLDEN, born Irish, received his Ph.D. in literary theory at the University of Connecticut (Storrs). He has taught at the University of Connecticut and the University of Notre Dame and has been a visiting professor in Dublin, Oxford, Zurich, Hong Kong, Taipei, and Beijing. In the 1970s, he was active in post-structuralist European-based literary theory at international James Joyce symposia. from 1981-83, he lived in the People's Republic of China where he taught at the Tianjin Foreign Studies University. At the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona since 1984, he has continued his work in translation, translator training, and translation theory. He has published translations of Irish (Gaelic) and modern Chinese poetry into English and Catalan, and of Catalan poetry into English. He worked closely with the language services of the organizing Committtee for the Barcelona 1992 Olympic Games. The Autonomous University of Barcelona's Facultat de Traducció i d'Interpretació, of which he has been Dean since 1988, has organized three international translation congresses, most recently in 1996. The Faculty's World Wide Web home page is http://blues.uab.es/~iuaua/index.html; the University's is http://www.uab.es/. The Faculty's publications have included the journal of translation studies Quaderns de Traducció i Interpretació/Cuadernos de Traducción e Interpretación and many monographs.

MARK HERMAN: see RONNIE APTER.

JOHN LONDON holds M.A. and D.Phil. degrees in Modern Languages from Oxford University. Having previously been Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow at the Free University, Berlin, he is currently working in the School of European Languages, University of Wales, Swansea. With David George he has edited Contemporary Catalan Theatre: An Introduction (Sheffield: The Anglo-Catalan Society, 1996). He has also written books and several articles on Spanish theater, Romanian literature, and other subjects. He has translated into English texts by Sergei Belbel, Salvador Dalí, Federico García Lorca, Ramon Llull, Rodolf Sirera, and others.

LOURDES MANYÉ I MARTÍ is from Barcelona, where she received a B.A. in English. She received an M.A. in American Literature (1990) and an M.A. in Spanish Literature (1991) from the University of South Carolina, where she is working on a Ph.D. in Comparative Literature. She currently teaches Spanish at Furman University. She translated Richard Russo's Mohawk and Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier into Catalan, and is now translating Miquel Martí i Pol with her husband, Wayne Cox.

JOSEPA MARTÍNEZ I ALBERT was born in Guadassuar (Valencia) in 1942. She holds an M.A. in the Theory and Practice of Literary Translation from Essex University in England, an M.A. in Pedagogy, and a degree in Modern Philology from the University of Valencia. At present, she holds a chair in English at the Escola Oficial d'Idiomes in Valencia. She has translated into Catalan several short stories by Poe as well as essays and poetry, and into Spanish material on modern art, and, most recently Viajeros Británicos por la Valencia de la Ilustración (siglo XVIII), in the series "Asi nos vieron" (Ajuntaent de València, 1996).

LYNETTE F. MCGRATH holds a doctorate in English from the University of Illinois; she teaches English and Women's Studies at West Chester University. Her publications have been chiefly on women's literature of the Renaissance; she and Nathaniel Smith have jointly published translations of several Catalan poets.

JULIE MCLUCAS was born in Motherwell, Scotland, in 1956. She holds an M.A. degree in French and Hispanic Studies from Glasgow University and a degree in Anglo-Germanic Philology from the University of Valencia. At present, she teaches English in the Institut de Batzillerat (high school) of Calp, Alicante.

KATHLEEN MCNERNEY is Professor of Spanish and Women's Studies at West Virginia University. She has taught literature of all periods and various areas of the Iberian Peninsula, focusing on women writers, and occasionally Latin American literature as well. Her publications reflect this eclecticism, with titles on Catalan women writers, particularly Mercè Rodonreda, on such medieval Catalan authors as Ausiàs March and Joanot Martorell, and on Gabriel García Márquez. She also collaborated with Michael Ugarte on a textbook for the study of Spanish culture. Her work in translation includes novels and poetry. In 1995, she was awarded her university's Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award for Outstanding Research. Her and Cristina Enriquez de Salamanca's Double Minorities of Spain. A Bio-Bibliographic Guide to Women Writers of the Catalan, Galician, and Basque Countries (New York, MLA, 1994) is a highly valued tool in Hispanic women's studies.

AMÀLIA RODRIGUEZ MONROY is Associate Professor of English and Translation Studies at the Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona. She has written extensively on American poetry, translation theory, and literary theory, notably Bakhtin and Lacan. Among her works are "An Other Word: Language and the Ethics of Social Interaction in Bakhtin, Freud and Lacan"; "Bajtin y Lacan: la cuestión del inconsciente"; "De la traducción como mestizaji: hacia una descolonización del texto cultural"; and, more recently, "Bajtin y el deseo del Otro: lenguaje, cultura y el espacio de la ética." She has translated Robert Lowell's For the Union Dead and Other Poems into Spanish (1990) and her book-length study on Lowell's autobiographical mode is in press. She directs a series on cultural studies for Anthropos and the University of Puerto Rico Press.

RONALD PUPPO, born in San Francisco, received his B.A. from the University of California, Santa Cruz, and his Ph.D. from the Autonomous University of Barcelona in 1995. He has published articles in several newspapers and magazines, including Avui, La Vanguardia, and El Diari de Barcelona. His translations from English to Catalan include texts by Franklin, Jefferson, Madison, Crevecoeur, and Irving in Independència i unió dels Estats Units d'Amèrica (Barcelona: Llibres de l'Index, 1993) and Karl Popper's Lògica de la investigació cientifica (Barcelona: Laia, 1985). From Catalan to Castilian to English, he has translated catalogs, songbooks, and a contribution in El Dublin de James Joyce (Barcelona: Destino, 1995). He is Professor of Anglo-Saxon Civilization and Culture at the Faculty of Translation and Interpretation of Osona, part of University Studies of Vic (imminently Universitat de Vic). He is currently working on a full-length English translation of Jacint Verdaguer's epic Canigó.

ADELA ROBLES-SÁEZ, born in Alcoi, is a native speaker of Catalan. She studied "filologia anglesa i italiana" at the University of Valencia, and in 1995 obtained her M.A. in Comparative Literature at West Virginia University. She is currently working towards her Ph.D. in Romance Languages and Literatures at the University of California at Berkeley, where she is researching the application of cognitive linguistics to literature. She is especially interested in translation, and has published translations of several twentieth-century Catalan writers in Iowa Review, vol. 23, no. 2 (1993), 3-19.

LOUIS J. RODRIGUES was educated at the Universities of Madras, London (King's), Cambridge (Trinity Hall) and Barcelona; he holds a doctorate in Anglo-Saxon. He has published two books of verse and a series of parallel-text verse translations from Anglo-Saxon. Jointly with his wife Josefina Bernet, he has published Short Story Translation - from theory to practice besides four bilingual Spanish-English titles. He was one of the chief collaborators in the Third Version of the Collins Spanish Dictionary. He contributed translations of eight of J.V. Foix's sonnets and the article by Joaquim Molas, "J.V. Foix or Total Investigation," in Catalan Review, vol. I, no. 1 (1986). In 1993 his manuscript A Choice of Salvador Espriu's Verse, was awarded the Translation Prize for Poetry in the Primers Jocs Florals de la Diàspora Catalana (Center for Catalan Studies and Fundacio Pauli Bellet). His translation of Salvador Espriu: Selected Poems is scheduled for publication by Carcanet (Manchester, England).

M. L. ROSENTHAL (1917-96), was among this country's leading men of letters. He taught at New York University from 1945 on, and was a visiting scholar and lecturer throughout the world. He was author of a number of widely acclaimed books of criticism, most recently The Poet's Art, Our Life in Poetry: Selected Essays, and Running to Paradise: Yeats' Poetic Art. His many volumes of poetry include Blue Boy on Skates: Poems, Beyond Power: New Poems, The View from the Peacock's Tail, She: A Sequence of Poems, and Poems, 1964-80. For a recent appreciation, see Barry Wallenstein, "Free of Cant: M. L. Rosenthal, 1917-1996," in American Poet, winter 1996-97, 6-11.

NATHANIEL SMITH studied French History and Literature and then Medieval Studies, an area in which he holds a doctorate from Yale. He has taught at Smith College, the University of Georgia, and Boston University, and has published books and articles in the areas of French, Provençal, Catalan, and Italian language and literature. Since 1986, he has been an administrator at Franklin & Marshall College in Lancaster, PA, currently as Executive Assistant to the Vice President of the College. He has published translations of poetry from Catalan and other languages, as well as his own prose and verse poems. He was the first Secretary of the North American Catalan Society.

ARTHUR TERRY has been Professor of Spanish at the Queen's University (Belfast) and Professor of Literature (Emeritus since 1993) at the University of Essex. His books include a bilingual edition La poesia de Joan Maragall (1963), A Literary History of Spain: Catalan Literature (1972), Ausias March: Selected Poems (1976; original texts and translation), Quatre poestes catalans: Ferrater, Brossa, Gimferrer, Xirau (1976), Joan Maragall, Antologia Poètica (1981), Sobre poesia catalana contemporània: Riba, Foix, Espriu (1985), and numerous other publications on Catalan and Spanish literature, including translations from Gabriel Ferrater and other Catalan poets. He was President of the Anglo-Catalan Society from 1963-68 and edited the Society's collaborative Homage to Joan Gili: Forty Modern Catalan Poems with English Prose Translations (1987). He was President of the Associació Internacional de Llengua i Literatura Catalanes from 1982-88 and of the British Comparative Literature Association from 1986-92. For his work as a critic and historian of Catalan literature and for his services to Catalan culture, he was awarded the Creu de Sant Jordi (Cross of St. George) by the Generalitat de Catalunya in 1982 and the International Ramon Llull Prize by the Generalitat and the Institute of Catalan Studies in 1995.

BARRY WALLENSTEIN is the author of four collections of poetry, the most recent being Short Life of the Five Minute Dancer (Ridgeway Press, 1993). He is a professor of literature and creative writing at City College (New York) and an editor of American Book Review. A special interest is the performance of jazz and poetry together. He has made three recordings of his poetry with jazz collaboration, most recently In Case You Missed It, on SkyBlue Records (CD 106, 1995). He is the Director of City College's Poetry Outreach Center. In 1995 he won a fellowship to the Macdowell Colony. He lives in New York City.