Independent living is designated senior housing in which residents live in private homes or apartments and are almost entirely self-sufficient. Some elder-oriented community services and activities may be offered, but resident participation in them is voluntary.

Assisted living falls somewhere between independent living and a nursing home. Assisted living facilities are for elders who need ongoing assistance with activities of daily living, but who can maintain a certain level of independence, as defined by the facility.

Board and care homes are small group homes for seniors who need assistance with activities of daily living, but who do not require ongoing skilled nursing care. A form of assisted living, board and care homes can be converted single-family houses with only two to six residents or they can be larger apartment buildings.

Nursing homes, also known as convalescent homes, provide around-the-clock skilled nursing care and personal care to seniors who can no longer live independently.

Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) combine independent living, assisted living, and nursing homes in one community, allowing residents to move between the three as their needs change.